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by @f · Added Apr 24, 2026
# Git Commit Guidelines for AI Language Models ## Core Principles 1. **Follow Conventional Commits** (https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) 2. **Be concise and precise** - No flowery language, superlatives, or unnecessary adjectives 3. **Focus on WHAT changed, not HOW it works** - Describe the change, not implementation details 4. **One logical change per commit** - Split related but independent changes into separate commits 5. **Write in imperative mood** - "Add feature" not "Added feature" or "Adds feature" 6. **Always include body text** - Never use subject-only commits ## Commit Message Structure ``` <type>(<scope>): <subject> <body> <footer> ``` ### Type (Required) - `feat`: New feature - `fix`: Bug fix - `refactor`: Code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature - `perf`: Performance improvement - `style`: Code style changes (formatting, missing semicolons, etc.) - `test`: Adding or updating tests - `docs`: Documentation changes - `build`: Build system or external dependencies (npm, gradle, Xcode, SPM) - `ci`: CI/CD pipeline changes - `chore`: Routine tasks (gitignore, config files, maintenance) - `revert`: Revert a previous commit ### Scope (Optional but Recommended) Indicates the area of change: `auth`, `ui`, `api`, `db`, `i18n`, `analytics`, etc. ### Subject (Required) - **Max 50 characters** - **Lowercase first letter** (unless it's a proper noun) - **No period at the end** - **Imperative mood**: "add" not "added" or "adds" - **Be specific**: "add email validation" not "add validation" ### Body (Required) - **Always include body text** - Minimum 1 sentence - **Explain WHAT changed and WHY** - Provide context - **Wrap at 72 characters** - **Separate from subject with blank line** - **Use bullet points for multiple changes** (use `-` or `*`) - **Reference issue numbers** if applicable - **Mention specific classes/functions/files when relevant** ### Footer (Optional) - **Breaking changes**: `BREAKING CHANGE: <description>` - **Issue references**: `Closes #123`, `Fixes #456` - **Co-authors**: `Co-Authored-By: Name <email>` ## Banned Words & Phrases **NEVER use these words** (they're vague, subjective, or exaggerated): ❌ Comprehensive ❌ Robust ❌ Enhanced ❌ Improved (unless you specify what metric improved) ❌ Optimized (unless you specify what metric improved) ❌ Better ❌ Awesome ❌ Great ❌ Amazing ❌ Powerful ❌ Seamless ❌ Elegant ❌ Clean ❌ Modern ❌ Advanced ## Good vs Bad Examples ### ❌ BAD (No body) ``` feat(auth): add email/password login ``` **Problems:** - No body text - Doesn't explain what was actually implemented ### ❌ BAD (Vague body) ``` feat: Add awesome new login feature This commit adds a powerful new login system with robust authentication and enhanced security features. The implementation is clean and modern. ``` **Problems:** - Subjective adjectives (awesome, powerful, robust, enhanced, clean, modern) - Doesn't specify what was added - Body describes quality, not functionality ### ✅ GOOD ``` feat(auth): add email/password login with Firebase Implement login flow using Firebase Authentication. Users can now sign in with email and password. Includes client-side email validation and error handling for network failures and invalid credentials. ``` **Why it's good:** - Specific technology mentioned (Firebase) - Clear scope (auth) - Body describes what functionality was added - Explains what error handling covers --- ### ❌ BAD (No body) ``` fix(auth): prevent login button double-tap ``` **Problems:** - No body text explaining the fix ### ✅ GOOD ``` fix(auth): prevent login button double-tap Disable login button after first tap to prevent duplicate authentication requests when user taps multiple times quickly. Button re-enables after authentication completes or fails. ``` **Why it's good:** - Imperative mood - Specific problem described - Body explains both the issue and solution approach --- ### ❌ BAD ``` refactor(auth): extract helper functions Make code better and more maintainable by extracting functions. ``` **Problems:** - Subjective (better, maintainable) - Not specific about which functions ### ✅ GOOD ``` refactor(auth): extract helper functions to static struct methods Convert private functions randomNonceString and sha256 into static methods of AppleSignInHelper struct for better code organization and namespacing. ``` **Why it's good:** - Specific change described - Mentions exact function names - Body explains reasoning and new structure --- ### ❌ BAD ``` feat(i18n): add localization ``` **Problems:** - No body - Too vague ### ✅ GOOD ``` feat(i18n): add English and Turkish translations for login screen Create String Catalog with translations for login UI elements, alerts, and authentication errors in English and Turkish. Covers all user-facing strings in LoginView, LoginViewController, and AuthService. ``` **Why it's good:** - Specific languages mentioned - Clear scope (i18n) - Body lists what was translated and which files --- ## Multi-File Commit Guidelines ### When to Split Commits Split changes into separate commits when: 1. **Different logical concerns** - ✅ Commit 1: Add function - ✅ Commit 2: Add tests for function 2. **Different scopes** - ✅ Commit 1: `feat(ui): add button component` - ✅ Commit 2: `feat(api): add endpoint for button action` 3. **Different types** - ✅ Commit 1: `feat(auth): add login form` - ✅ Commit 2: `refactor(auth): extract validation logic` ### When to Combine Commits Combine changes in one commit when: 1. **Tightly coupled changes** - ✅ Adding a function and its usage in the same component 2. **Atomic change** - ✅ Refactoring function name across multiple files 3. **Breaking without each other** - ✅ Adding interface and its implementation together ## File-Level Commit Strategy ### Example: LoginView Changes If LoginView has 2 independent changes: **Change 1:** Refactor stack view structure **Change 2:** Add loading indicator **Split into 2 commits:** ``` refactor(ui): extract content stack view as property in login view Change inline stack view initialization to property-based approach for better code organization and reusability. Moves stack view definition from setupUI method to lazy property. ``` ``` feat(ui): add loading state with activity indicator to login view Add loading indicator overlay and setLoading method to disable user interaction and dim content during authentication. Content alpha reduces to 0.5 when loading. ``` ## Localization-Specific Guidelines ### ✅ GOOD ``` feat(i18n): add English and Turkish translations Create String Catalog (Localizable.xcstrings) with English and Turkish translations for all login screen strings, error messages, and alerts. ``` ``` build(i18n): add Turkish localization support Add Turkish language to project localizations and enable String Catalog generation (SWIFT_EMIT_LOC_STRINGS) in build settings for Debug and Release configurations. ``` ``` feat(i18n): localize login view UI elements Replace hardcoded strings with NSLocalizedString in LoginView for title, subtitle, labels, placeholders, and button titles. All user-facing text now supports localization. ``` ### ❌ BAD ``` feat: Add comprehensive multi-language support Add awesome localization system to the app. ``` ``` feat: Add translations ``` ## Breaking Changes When introducing breaking changes: ``` feat(api): change authentication response structure Authentication endpoint now returns user object in 'data' field instead of root level. This allows for additional metadata in the response. BREAKING CHANGE: Update all API consumers to access response.data.user instead of response.user. Migration guide: - Before: const user = response.user - After: const user = response.data.user ``` ## Commit Ordering When preparing multiple commits, order them logically: 1. **Dependencies first**: Add libraries/configs before usage 2. **Foundation before features**: Models before views 3. **Build before source**: Build configs before code changes 4. **Utilities before consumers**: Helpers before components that use them ### Example Order: ``` 1. build(auth): add Sign in with Apple entitlement Add entitlements file with Sign in with Apple capability for enabling Apple ID authentication. 2. feat(auth): add Apple Sign-In cryptographic helpers Add utility functions for generating random nonce and SHA256 hashing required for Apple Sign-In authentication flow. 3. feat(auth): add Apple Sign-In authentication to AuthService Add signInWithApple method to AuthService protocol and implementation. Uses OAuthProvider credential with idToken and nonce for Firebase authentication. 4. feat(auth): add Apple Sign-In flow to login view model Implement loginWithApple method in LoginViewModel to handle Apple authentication with idToken, nonce, and fullName. 5. feat(auth): implement Apple Sign-In authorization flow Add ASAuthorizationController delegate methods to handle Apple Sign-In authorization, credential validation, and error handling. ``` ## Special Cases ### Configuration Files ``` chore: ignore GoogleService-Info.plist from version control Add GoogleService-Info.plist to .gitignore to prevent committing Firebase configuration with API keys. ``` ``` build: update iOS deployment target to 15.0 Change minimum iOS version from 14.0 to 15.0 to support async/await syntax in authentication flows. ``` ``` ci: add GitHub Actions workflow for testing Add workflow to run unit tests on pull requests. Runs on macOS latest with Xcode 15. ``` ### Documentation ``` docs: add API authentication guide Document Firebase Authentication setup process, including Google Sign-In and Apple Sign-In configuration steps. ``` ``` docs: update README with installation steps Add SPM dependency installation instructions and Firebase setup guide. ``` ### Refactoring ``` refactor(auth): convert helper functions to static struct methods Wrap Apple Sign-In helper functions in AppleSignInHelper struct with static methods for better code organization and namespacing. Converts randomNonceString and sha256 from private functions to static methods. ``` ``` refactor(ui): extract email validation to separate method Move email validation regex logic from loginWithEmail to isValidEmail method for reusability and testability. ``` ### Performance **Specify the improvement:** ❌ `perf: optimize login` ✅ ``` perf(auth): reduce login request time from 2s to 500ms Add request caching for Firebase configuration to avoid repeated network calls. Configuration is now cached after first retrieval. ``` ## Body Text Requirements **Minimum requirements for body text:** 1. **At least 1-2 complete sentences** 2. **Describe WHAT was changed specifically** 3. **Explain WHY the change was needed (when not obvious)** 4. **Mention affected components/files when relevant** 5. **Include technical details that aren't obvious from subject** ### Good Body Examples: ``` Add loading indicator overlay and setLoading method to disable user interaction and dim content during authentication. ``` ``` Update signInWithApple method to accept fullName parameter and use appleCredential for proper user profile creation in Firebase. ``` ``` Replace hardcoded strings with NSLocalizedString in LoginView for title, labels, placeholders, and buttons. All UI text now supports English and Turkish translations. ``` ### Bad Body Examples: ❌ `Add feature.` (too vague) ❌ `Updated files.` (doesn't explain what) ❌ `Bug fix.` (doesn't explain which bug) ❌ `Refactoring.` (doesn't explain what was refactored) ## Template for AI Models When an AI model is asked to create commits: ``` 1. Read git diff to understand ALL changes 2. Group changes by logical concern 3. Order commits by dependency 4. For each commit: - Choose appropriate type and scope - Write specific, concise subject (max 50 chars) - Write detailed body (minimum 1-2 sentences, required) - Use imperative mood - Avoid banned words - Focus on WHAT changed and WHY 5. Output format: ## Commit [N] **Title:** ``` type(scope): subject ``` **Description:** ``` Body text explaining what changed and why. Mention specific components, classes, or methods affected. Provide context. ``` **Files to add:** ```bash git add path/to/file ``` ``` ## Final Checklist Before suggesting a commit, verify: - [ ] Type is correct (feat/fix/refactor/etc.) - [ ] Scope is specific and meaningful - [ ] Subject is imperative mood - [ ] Subject is ≤50 characters - [ ] **Body text is present (required)** - [ ] **Body has at least 1-2 complete sentences** - [ ] Body explains WHAT and WHY - [ ] No banned words used - [ ] No subjective adjectives - [ ] Specific about WHAT changed - [ ] Mentions affected components/files - [ ] One logical change per commit - [ ] Files grouped correctly --- ## Example Commit Message (Complete) ``` feat(auth): add email validation to login form Implement client-side email validation using regex pattern before sending authentication request. Validates format matches standard email pattern (user@domain.ext) and displays error message for invalid inputs. Prevents unnecessary Firebase API calls for malformed emails. ``` **What makes this good:** - Clear type and scope - Specific subject - Body explains what validation does - Body explains why it's needed - Mentions the benefit (prevents API calls) - No banned words - Imperative mood throughout --- **Remember:** A good commit message should allow someone to understand the change without looking at the diff. Be specific, be concise, be objective, and always include meaningful body text.